"BIRD-BEAK" OPHTHALMIC FORCEPS

Double Cervical Bird Beak Sign Resulting in Dysphagia

Objective: The authors report a rare case of ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine underlying dysphagia. Case Report: We report the case of a 50-year-old male presenting with difficulty swallowing and choking. CT of the cervical spine demonstrated anterior longitudinal ligament hypertrophy with osteophytes worst at C1-C2 and C6-C7, without spinal cord compress...

Model for vocalization by a bird with distensible vocal cavity and open beak.

Some birds make use of a distensible oral cavity to produce nearly pure-tone song. Songbirds such as the Northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) have a muscularly distended oropharyngeal-esophageal cavity between the top of the trachea and the open beak. The present paper analyzes the acoustics of this vocal system. It is shown that the resonance of the oropharyngeal-esophageal cavity, vented...

Closely related bird species demonstrate flexibility between beak morphology and underlying developmental programs.

The astonishing variation in the shape and size of bird beaks reflects a wide range of dietary specializations that played an important role in avian diversification. Among Darwin's finches, ground finches (Geospiza spp.) have beaks that represent scaling variations of the same shape, which are generated by alterations in the signaling pathways that regulate growth of the two skeletal component...

Willett's Forceps

Willett (1925) first published his account of the treatment of placenta praevia byscalp forceps and weight traction, in 1925. He describes the treatment of seven cases by means of a modification of de Martell's surgical scalp forceps?the modification being the increase in length of the handles to inches. His two resident medical officers assured him that they found the method both easy and quic...

Missing Forceps